BINELE COMUN si intelepciunea populara

Chisinau, 11 septembrie, 2006

Unul din momentele esentiale referitoare la Binele Comun consta in identificarea bogatiei proverbelor si zicatorilor populare ca pas important in acceptarea pe larg a exercitarii Binelui Comun.

Din toata intelepciunea populara zicala “Bine faci, bine gasesti” este una cruciala. In primul rand ea este oformata laconic si exprima mai multe idei. Este vorba de realizarea Binelui Comun in actiune si de feedback-ul care numaidecat va avea loc ca urmare a trairii unei vieti in Binele Comun.

Alte idei ale intelepciunii populare legate de facerea Binelui si care necesita o prelucrare in viitor:
Bine peste bine nu strica.
Binele se uita dar raul niciodata.
Binele cu bine se rasplateste.
Cele rele sa le scrii pe apa, iar binele in piatra sa-l sapi.
Nedreptatile scrie-le in nisip, iar binefacerile pe marmura.
La tot raul este si un bine.
“Dupa fapta si rasplata!”
Lucrul bine facut e pe jumatate facut – mai mult se refera la calitatea actiunii Binelui Comun, care trebuie sa fie superioara.

Este oare posibil sa deosebim Binele in actiune de Binele Comun in actiune? Daca persoana face un Bine altei persoane, atunci aceasta actiune implica 2 persoane, cea care realizeaza si cea care primeste, de exemplu a oferi locul in autobus sau a ajuta pe cineva sa treaca strada. Aici Binele este Comun celor doua persoane implicate. De la acest concept de Bine Comun limitat noi facem primii pasi spre Binele Comun Adevarat care nu are o atributie personala si care nu identifica persoana careia i se face acest Bine, adica el, Binele comun, este abstract. Insa trebuie sa intelegem ca calitatea de a fi abstract cu referinta la persoana care primeste acel Bine nu diminuiaza esenta Binelui Comun. Sigur ca abstractul si concretul Binelui Comun trebuie de explicat si din punct de vedere al vietii interne a individului cat si din punctul de vedere al reflectarii in realitatea sociala. Actiunile individului se manifesta in conformitate cu calitatea impulsului intern.

BINELE COMUN – COMMON GOOD

In sfarsit m-am determinat sa incep de la inceput ceea ce a fost deja vorbit si spus cu vre-o sapte ani in urma – definirea Binelui Comun, mai precis a unei doctrine a Binelui Comun. Dar de la ce pot porni pe aceasta cale?

In primul rand este necesara definirea termenului in diferite variante pentru diferite scopuri, caci gandesc ca dosctrina Binelui Comun ar trebuie sa fie, daca nu atotcuprinzatoare, atunci aplicabila in multe domenii ale vietii interne, personale a individuui cat siviata lui sociala, cea a statului, etc.

Mai departe identific domeniile care abordeaza problema Binele Comun:

1. Etica
2. Filosofia
3. Politica, Politologia
4. Stiintele sociale
5. Religia
6. Psihologia
7. Etica Vie ca fundament crucial.

Pe cat de bine poate fi abordata problema Binelui Comun si a individului, a vietii lui interne care, ar fi rational sa presupunem, este baza acelor actiuni si ganduri care exprima in actiune Binele Comun.

Un alt gand care ar trebuie mentionat este aplicarea Binelui Comun in practica, mai ales la nivel de stat. Ce constituie Binele Comun ca actiune pentru cei care detin puterea? Exista oare o formula etica care ar fi fost urmata atunci cand vorbim de aspiratia autoritatilor publice locale si centrale, a diferitor angajati ai ministerelor, parlamentari, etc? In sfarsit, putem noi forma prin intermediul Binelui Comun un standard care ar judeca actiunile celor ce detin posturi importante in stat? Se poate oare identifica astfel de persoane care prin actiunile sale ar putea servi Binele Comun si care ar trebui sa conduca, fiind slujitorii adevarati ai societatii Republicii Moldova (acest lucru se refera la orice stat deoarece natura umana este o categorie universala si calitatile ei generale sunt mai bine evidentiate in comparatie cu particularitatile culturale care isi lasa o amprenta mai putin semnificativa in sufletul individului). Aceasta a fost latura extern-socială.

Nu aud , nu vad, nu vorbesc

Astazi am avut ocazia sa stau de vorba cu reprezentantii unui minister cat si cu reprezentantii unei organizatii internationale care implementeaza proiecte de reforma a copilor care sunt plasati in scolile internat. Avand o atitudine nu prea buna despre cum este admimistrat sistemul scolilor internat, nu am cantat difirambe celor ce ma ascultau.

Este bineinteles ca cei de la minister nu au putut suporta cele spuse de mine, deoarece ei sperau la “ne vynositi sor iz izby”. Acest fapt deloc nu poate sa fie transparent, ceea ce duce la multe probleme ale acestul sistem. Am mentionat acest lucru, la care ei m-au rugat sa expun ceva pozitiv la care eu am raspuns ca noi discutam aici probleme care necesita solutii (in gandul meu – si nu ne aratam cat de buni suntem aici, ei, cei din stainatate, stiu prea bine acest lucru si deci nu e nevoie sa ne laudam).

Pe de alta parte am fost ascultat cu atentie de international representatives, desi sper ca discursul meu va fi un argument forte independent pentru aceasta schimbare, transformare stridenta a sistemului scolilor internat.

Le-am spus, precum am si mai scris, ca toti copii trebuie impartiti in 2 grule, acei care-s orfani si acei care nu sunt. Cei care nu sunt orfani trebuie sa fie intorsi in familiile sale pe cat se poate de curand posibil, sigur daca este posibil asa ceva, caci nu intotdeauna poti sa gasesti parintii plecati prin Italia la munci grele? Cei orfani trebuie sa aiba niste conditii de viata decente, caci ceia ce este acum nu poate fi numit decent. Experienta mea din Elvetia o dovedeste. Cei de la minister cred ca ceea ce exista acuma este suficient, adica in ceea ce priveste intretinerea copiilor. Eu gandesc ca ceea ce exista acuma este doar o sursa minima ce asigura supravietuirea si nicidecum un mod de trai normal. Unii vor spune ca standardele pe care le expun eu sunt prea inalte, eu as spune ca ele sunt cele minime. Sigur ca daca un saritor in inaltime isi va pune bara la un metru si va sari peste ea, fiind mandru de rezultat, ceilalti vor surade doar, stiind ca el poate mai mult.

De aici pot deduce ca nu prea exista transparenta la minister deoarece nu doresc sa ridice standardele deoarece, in acest caz, vor fi nevoiti sa foreze o dare de seama in care se vor expune lipsa rezultatelor.

In opinia mea sunt patru probleme acute ce trebuie sa fie rezolvate imediat (adica pe parcursul a 2-3 ani).

Prima tsine de formarea de life skills a celor care sunt in aceste institutii si care degraba vor pleca in viata doar cu valiza in mana. Ei pot fi usor traficati, intimidati, facuti robi caci ei sunt naivi.

A doua consta in anticiparea trimiterii copiilor la orfelinat prin lucrul intens al asistentilor sociali care trebuie sa fie platiti bine si instruiti. Presedintele tarii, d-nul Voronin a semnat un decret cu privire la formarea pozitiei de asistent social in toate comunitatile tsarii, dar din vorbele mele cu primarii, nu prea sunt fonduri pentru a face acest lucru. Deci salariul acestor asistenti sociali trebuie platit din resursele “centrului”.

A treia problema este in reintoarcerea acasa copiilor ce au parinti din scolile internat.

A patra problema o vad in ridicarea nivelului de viata a copiilor aflati acolo. De ce trebuie ei sa traiasca cate 20 intr-o camera sau chiar cate 10, ar trebui sa fie nu mai mult de 2-3. Ce vacanta au ei? Unde se spala si ce fel de WC folosesc ei? Cu ce linguri si din ce farfurii de la “zona” mananca ei?

La general, scolile internat sunt asemenea unei maladii a societatii, mai ales ca raspunzator este statul. Deci daca noi nu vindecam maladia ci o ascundem de altii, atunci ea poate duce la probleme mari pentru o parte din societatea noastra si care numaidecat va afecta societatea in general.

REFORM OF RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM

GEN2032W* REFORM OF RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM TO START IN SIX PILOT DISTRICTS OF MOLDOVA

Chisinau-14.07.2006/15:19:40/(BASA-general) The reform of residential system and placement of institutionalised children in families will start soon in six selected regions in Moldova, Deputy Minister of Education and Youth Valentin Crudu has announced.

Crudu told Friday a conference held to launch the TACIS II project Development of Integrated Social Services for Vulnerable Families and Children Facing Risk that innovative models of services will be tested in residential institutions in the Balti municipality and districts of Hancesti, Telenesti, Straseni, Floresti and Falesti. “It is important to reintegrate our children from boarding schools into families or within other alternative forms of care for children such as the professional parent assistance, family-type orphanages or placement centres,” Crudu said.

The deputy minister noted that families who will accept to look after children from residential institutions will benefit of social and financial assistance.

Ray Virgilio Torres, representative of UNICEF-Moldova, told the conference that only children whose situation cannot be solved must be placed in residential institutions. “However, children cannot be withdrawn from institutions if another sure environment is not available to them in other place and that�s why individual plans must be drafted for every minor and the reintegration into family and community must be their final goal,” Torres added.

The TACIS II project Development of Integrated Social Services for Vulnerable Families and Children Facing Risk is financed by the European Union, which has released two million dollars. The project is being implemented by UNICEF in cooperation with the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health and it will be completed in late 2007. Also on Friday, the six selected districts received by a car Niva from UNICEF to optimise the reform in residential institutions.

According to data of the Ministry of Education and Youth, there are 68 residential institutions in Moldova and they hold more than 12,000 children while about 90 percent of them have parents.

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Un pdf referitor la orfelinatul din Cazanesti

http://pdf.dec.org/pdf_docs/PDABY210.pdf

Soros Foundation Moldova helps the Cazanesti orphanage – 1996

Soros Foundation Moldova helps the Cazanesti orphanage – 1996

“COLLECTIONS FOR ORPHANAGES
Soros Foundation shouldered the expenditures for
the Saint Patrikís Holiday, when representatives of
foreign organisations have made donations for
orphans. Collected funds (over $4000) were used for
buying clothes and footwear, offered to the children
from Cazanesti, Telenesti district orphanage.

Expenditures: $ 740.41

Total expenditures: $ 8,989.29″

http://www.soros.md/docs/rep96en.pdf

Forum of Organizations of Women … Cazanesti Orphanage

Forum of Organizations of Women from the Republic of
Moldova helps the orphans from Cazanesti

“the Forum of Organizations of Women from the Republic of
Moldova has organized lectures, seminars, trainings and has carried out charity
activities: rendering assistance to women, orphans and children from vulnerable
families, as well as to elderly. Cloths, shoes, underwear, books, food, toys, money
were given to children from:
-
Orphanage “Isus”, the Children’s hostel from Chisinau;
-
Special schools from Ialoveni, Straseni; orphanage from the village of
Cazanesti;
-
Children’s hostel from the village of Ghiliceni, the tuberculosis health unit
from Chisinau;
-
Boarding school from the village of Congaz;
-
6 kindergartens of family type from Stefan Voda, Cahul and Causeni;
-
Kindergarten no. 167 for children with hearing deficiencies from Chisinau.”

http://www.contact.md/upload/white_book_II/write_book_women.PDF

BOTNAR helps Cazanesti orphanage

BOTNAR helps Cazanesti orphanage

Taken from http://www.bothar.org/bovine2006summer7.htm

A helping hand for orphans in Orhei, Moldova

The poorest nation in Europe, Moldova is fighting difficult social, economic and political times. Formerly part of Romania, it got incorporated into the Soviet Union at the close of World War II. After its independence from the USSR (1991), Russian forces have remained on Moldovan territory supporting the Slavic population, mostly Ukrainians and Russians, who have proclaimed a “Transnistria” republic in the East.

In a country where social and political instability is at home, a healthy economy cannot blossom. The majority of Moldovans live severely below the poverty level. The lack of jobs and economic opportunities, widespread corruption, human and drug trafficking, high numbers of orphans living in institutions with poor conditions, mass migration are just some of the problems that Moldova is currently trying to fight.

The Gymnasium Orphanage of Cazanesti is situated in Orhei county, in the eastern part of Moldova. It is an institution with limited resources that hosts and provides education to 262 orphaned and abandoned children. The government allocates about 0,70$/child/day for food. No funds are provided for clothes, shoes, furniture or school supplies, which are sometimes financed by charity organizations.

Livestock for Orphans in Orhei was a project that made an important difference for the inhabitants of the orphanage. The project, financed by Bothar Ireland, provided six high-quality cows and twelve rabbits to the orphanage. The youth and children received the animals with much joy, more than happy to have new four-legged playmates. Play and learning went hand in hand, as they slowly acquired very useful animal breeding skills.

The high-quality cows and rabbits have provided meat, milk and dairy products that have started the first steps towards improving children’s nutrition. The pure breed cows received are slowly replacing the unproductive local breed the orphanage had before the project started. Pure breed animals mean better genes, increased production and a higher quality of products.

The needs of the orphanage are high, as it hosts a large number of children and youth, therefore the project partners agreed for the institution to keep the first passing-on animals in order to increase the orphanage livestock numbers. To date, there are 9 female pure-breed cows and heifers and more than one hundred rabbits at the orphanage. The livestock numbers are increasing each year, especially rabbit numbers, who are reproducing very fast, as a female rabbit gives birth to an average of 5 offspring about twice a year.

The purpose of this project was to improve children’s nutrition by providing livestock to the orphanage and to train children in livestock breeding in order to prepare them for the future. Children and youth have quickly grown accustomed to taking care of animals. Children take care of rabbits, while youth are in charge with cows and heifers. They are benefiting of agricultural training, thus increasing their chances of getting work on a farm after they leave the institution.

NEWS

GEN1763W* 29 BABIES ABANDONED IN MATERNITIES IN CHISINAU IN JANUARY-MAY

Chisinau-20.06.2006/16:11:50/(BASA-general) Twenty-nine new-borns have been abandoned in maternities and hospitals in Chisinau in the first five months of this year, BASA learned from Mariana Derjavin from the municipal directorate for the protection of child�s rights.

Derjavin said that most of mothers who abandon their babies are students or unmarried women and cannot afford to grow them up. “Some of the women have abandoned their children by escaping from maternities; others did not come back though they said that they want the state to look after their babies in the first three months of life,” she added.

Contacted by BASA, Eugenia Goncear, director of the National Adoption Committee of the government, said that the committee registered 28 children adopted by Moldovan couples last year and eight children were adopted by families from the United States, Switzerland and France.

According to a study on abandonment of children in Moldova, which the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education carried out in August 2005 with the financial assistance of UNICEF, at least one child under 7 years is abandoned in Moldova every day, mostly in the first days of life. Further, every third abandoned child is quitted by his parents in the first four days of life, while each 5th woman who abandons her baby gives birth for the first time. Two out of three women who abandon their children do not have husbands.

Further, nine out of 10 children under 7 who are abandoned in maternities, hospitals, etc., have living parents, but their parents will never take care of them because of the lack of family reintegration and family support services.

The study comprises some recommendations on prevention of abandonment and reduction of the number of little children placed in institutions, including services and training of professional social assistants, identification of families facing a risk of abandonment and providing of necessary support tp these families, access of youths to life skill education, prevention of unwanted pregnancies, opening of friendly centres for youths and encouragement of couples to adopt children.

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NEWS

GEN1595W* BARONESS EMA NICHOLSON TO ADVISE AUTHORITIES IN REFORMING CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM

Chisinau-03.06.2006/14:12:55/(BASA-general) Baroness Emma Nicholson Winterbourne, official of the European Parliament, visited Saturday the City of Childhood, a family-type centre for children based in Parata, the district of Dubasari. She was accompanied by President Vladimir Voronin and governmental officials.

The conditions created here for children in need correspond to the harshest European requirements, this is an eloquent example of takeover of experiences of neighbouring states in order to ensure adequate conditions of living and education to children without parent?s care, baroness Nicholson said.

President Voronin stated that the authorities need the European practice in restructuring and improving the national child protection system. He noted that “the takeover of experience of other states in this field was the reason why baroness Nicholson was invited in Moldova, as she has had an important role in reforming the child protection system in Romania, in particular.

Ana Cercasova, director of the City of Childhood, stated to BASA that the “city” is built for orphan children and children from needy families from Moldova. At present, 108 children live there, including nine children repatriated from Russia.

The City of Childhood is built on about 6.5 hectares and includes six family-type houses for children and a medical centre. It is the only centre of this kind in Moldova and was created in 2003.

Baroness Emma Nicholson Winterbourne is on a two-day visit to Moldova at the invitation of country?s leadership. She is set for meetings with Moldovan President Vladimir Voronin, Speaker Marian Lupu, Premier Vasile Tarlev, Minister of Health and Social Protection Ion Ababii, will collect facts about activity of some social institutions for children.

Baroness Emma Nicholson Winterbourne is deputy chairwoman of the Commission for Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament and member of the Subcommittee on Human Rights.

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GEN1597W* EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT WILLING TO ASSIST MOLDOVA IN REFORMING CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM

Chisinau-05.06.2006/09:56:20/(BASA-general) The European Parliament intends to assist Moldova in reforming the child protection system, Emma Nicholson, member of the European Parliament, told a news conference on Sunday.

“The European Parliament is interested in Moldova?s progress in ensuring a strong system to protect the children?s rights. This nation is very important for Europe and that?s why I have come to invite the state authorities to take over some of the European experience in this regard,” Nicholson noted. “The goal of my visit is to form and to implement common European children?s rights standards in Moldova. And a part of my experience in this field may be applied here, too,” the European parliamentarian underlined.

At the same time, Baroness Nicholson promised that she will come back to Moldova in July at the insistence of President Vladimir Voronin. She was very charmed that the Moldovan authorities showed interest for the proposals to reform the child protection system.

Baroness Emma Nicholson Winterbourne was on a 2-day visit to Moldova at the invitation of the state leadership. She has met Moldovan President Vladimir Voronin, Speaker Marian Lupu, Prime Minister Vasile Tarlev and Minister of Health and Social Protection Ion Ababii.

Baroness Emma Nicholson Winterbourne is deputy chairwoman of the Commission for Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament and member of the Subcommittee on Human Rights.

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GEN1529W* PRESIDENT CALLS FOR REINTEGRATION OF CHILDREN FROM RESIDENTIAL INSTITUTIONS INTO FAMILIES

Chisinau-29.05.2006/15:24:18/(BASA-general) President Vladimir Voronin told Monday a national conference themed Social Dimensions of Child Protection System in Moldova that it is very necessary to reduce the number of institutionalised children by integrating them into origin or adoptive families.

He said that the institutional care is expensive though the efficiency of the residential system is limited. “It would be fairest to direct this money to maintenance of children from needy and tutorial families,” Voronin recommended.

Ray Virgilio Torres, representative of UNICEF in Moldova, told the same conference that UNICEF will back the country?s initiative regarding reformation of residential system and child protection system.

Svetlana Chifa, head of the municipal directorate for the protection of children?s rights, had earlier stated to BASA that many temporary placement centres for children have opened in Moldova in the past years, which provide social and material assistance to children and parents. Chifa noted that the number of parents willing to adopt or to be tutors of orphan children has grown. More than 1,800 children have tutors in Chisinau only, Chifa added.

There are 68 social institutions of this kind in Moldova which host 12,000 children of whom about 80 percent have parents.

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